The Gemara in Berachot 27b records that Rav Yoshiya would daven an early Maariv on Shabbat eve before nightfall, but the sugya vacillates: did he recite Havdala על הכוס? We will investigate a number of the Halachos that apply to Havdala in contrast to Kiddush. Women may be exempt from Havdala & the Ramah opines that they should not recite Havdala for themselves. But why should this be different than any Mitzvat Aseh She'ha'zeman gerama? Havdala may be recited on beer (חמרא דמדינא). Havdala & Birchat HaMazon may be recited on the same cup of wine. The main Yesod: is the כוס an integral part of the mitzva or is the כוס just there to enhance the Beracha? Two categories with many נפק"מ. Q' #2: is Beracha generated by a moment in time?
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